The Validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis Through Energy Intensity in Turkey, Iran, and Bulgaria

Kartal H. M., ACAROĞLU H., Garcia Marquez F. P.

16th International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management (ICMSEM), Ankara, Türkiye, 3 - 06 Ağustos 2022, cilt.145, ss.526-535 identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
  • Cilt numarası: 145
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/978-3-031-10385-8_37
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Ankara
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.526-535
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Environmental Kuznets curve, CO2 emissions, Economic growth, Trade openness, Energy intensity, ARDL bounds test, CO2 EMISSIONS
  • Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

This study examines the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis through energy consumption in Turkey and in neighboring countries for the period of 1971-2014 for Turkey and Iran; and the period of 1980-2014 for Bulgaria. Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test is used to display the relationship between variables in the study. The results support that the EKC hypothesis has long term validity in Turkey. However, it is invalid in Iran, and Bulgaria. In other words, there is a U type relationship for Iran and Bulgaria. In addition, it can be said that energy intensity increases environmental degradation through CO2 emissions in Turkey, Iran, and Bulgaria. Trade openness increases environmental degradation in Turkey and Iran. The opposite is valid for Bulgaria. The findings may shed light about the environmental issues surrounding the increase of emissions and energy consumption through energy intensity in growing economies.