Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY, cilt.217, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
This study presents a numerical investigation of a 50-50 M blend of ammonia and Jet-A fuel under varying cruise flight conditions. Reactive flow simulations were performed at six flight levels FL300 to FL390 using a turbulence-coupled combustion model with an air excess ratio of 2.65. Temperature contours revealed peak flame temperatures decreased slightly from approximately 1920 K at FL300 to 1910 K at FL390. Ammonia was completely consumed near the flame front, while Jet-A exhibited extended oxidation profiles at higher altitudes. The resulting CO2 mass fraction remained below 0.10 across all cases, indicating roughly 9% lower carbon dioxide emissions compared to conventional Jet-A combustion at equivalent heat release. Nitric oxide formation was confined to post-flame regions, with NO mass fractions ranging from 5.0 & times; 10- 7 at FL300 to 3.8 & times; 10- 7 at FL390. Total NOx emissions remained minimal, consistently below 1.0 & times; 10-8. Velocity profiles showed axial acceleration with increasing altitude, reaching up to 200 m s- 1 at FL390. Turbulent kinetic energy remained moderate under 5 m2 s- 2, ensuring sufficient mixing and flame stabilization. This study reveals that flame length increases and combustion efficiency decreases with altitude, highlighting operational risks associated with highaltitude ammonia co-firing in aviation gas turbines. Nonetheless, the results demonstrate that molar ammonia-Jet-A blending enables stable and low-emission combustion across typical cruise conditions, supporting its feasibility as a transitional strategy for low-carbon aviation.