Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Prevents Illness and Reduces Healthcare Utilization Across Diverse Geographic Regions During Five Influenza Seasons A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Dbaibo G., Amanullah A., Claeys C., Izu A., Jain V. K., Kosalaraksa P., ...Daha Fazla

PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL, cilt.39, sa.1, 2020 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 39 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2020
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002504
  • Dergi Adı: PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, PASCAL, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: vaccine efficacy, influenza, seasonal variation, healthcare utilization, disease attenuation, MODERATE-TO-SEVERE, ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE, CONFIRMED INFLUENZA, YOUNG-CHILDREN, INFECTION, EFFICACY, INFANTS, DISEASE, VISITS, BURDEN
  • Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background: We evaluated an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (IIV4) in children 6-35 months of age in a phase III, observer-blind trial. Methods: The aim of this analysis was to estimate vaccine efficacy (VE) in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in each of 5 independent seasonal cohorts (2011-2014), as well as vaccine impact on healthcare utilization in 3 study regions (Europe/Mediterranean, Asia-Pacific and Central America). Healthy children were randomized 1:1 to IIV4 or control vaccines. VE was estimated against influenza confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction on nasal swabs. Cultured isolates were characterized as antigenically matched/mismatched to vaccine strains. Results: The total vaccinated cohort included 12,018 children (N = 1777, 2526, 1564, 1501 and 4650 in cohorts 1-5, respectively). For reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed influenza of any severity (all strains combined), VE in cohorts 1-5 was 57.8%, 52.9%, 73.4%, 30.3% and 41.4%, respectively, with the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval >0 for all estimates. The proportion of vaccine match for all strains combined in each cohort was 0.9%, 79.3%, 72.5%, 24.1% and 28.6%, respectively. Antibiotic use associated with influenza illness was reduced with IIV4 by 71% in Europe, 36% in Asia Pacific and 59% in Central America. Conclusions: IIV4 prevented influenza in children 6-35 months of age in each of 5 separate influenza seasons in diverse geographical regions. A possible interaction between VE, degree of vaccine match and socioeconomic status was observed. The IIV4 attenuated the severity of breakthrough influenza illness and reduced healthcare utilization, particularly antibiotic use.