A Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate the Clinical Characteristics and Nutritional Status of Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy


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ÇARMAN K. B., Şen A. D. Y., KILIÇ YILDIRIM G., Uğur Ö., YARAR C., ATAY E.

Journal of Pediatric Research, cilt.13, sa.2, ss.107-115, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus, TRDizin)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 13 Sayı: 2
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.4274/jpr.galenos.2026.42223
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of Pediatric Research
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.107-115
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: anthropometric measurement, malnutrition, Spinal muscular atrophy, upper arm circumference
  • Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
  • Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, feeding features, and nutritional status of children diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) using multiple anthropometric indicators. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 24 children (9 males, 15 females) with SMA, aged 5-192 months, in a tertiary care hospital in Türkiye. Clinical features, feeding methods, and anthropometric parameters including weight, height, body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness, and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were recorded. Nutritional status was assessed using the Gomez and the Waterlow classifications, alongside MUAC z-scores based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Results: The cohort included 11 patients with SMA Type 1, 9 with Type 2, and 4 with Type 3. More than half (54.2%) were able to self-feed, while 33% were fed via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Feeding lasted longer than 15 minutes in 62.5% of cases. According to MUAC measurements, 58.3% of the patients were malnourished. Gomez classification identified 58.3% of the children as malnourished, and Waterlow classification indicated chronic malnutrition in 54.2%. A higher proportion of malnutrition was observed in those patients with SMA Type 1. MUAC measurements showed results comparable to traditional malnutrition classifications and emerged as a practical and reliable tool for nutritional assessment in SMA. Conclusion: Malnutrition is highly prevalent among children with SMA, particularly in Type 1 patients. Comprehensive nutritional monitoring using MUAC alongside conventional anthropometric indices may improve the accuracy of malnutrition detection. A multidisciplinary approach, including early swallowing evaluations and timely nutritional interventions, is essential in order to optimize care and growth outcomes in this vulnerable population.