Characterization of a new triaxial nanofiber membrane and osteogenic differentiation capacity of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair

Altundag-Erdogan Ö., Çetinkaya H., Çelebi-Saltik B., ALTUN B., Şahin M., Mağden G. K., ...More

Journal of Materials Research, vol.40, no.7, pp.1117-1134, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 40 Issue: 7
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1557/s43578-025-01563-1
  • Journal Name: Journal of Materials Research
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, ABI/INFORM, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Page Numbers: pp.1117-1134
  • Keywords: Biomaterial, Biomedical, Bone, Fiber, Nanoscale, Nanostructure
  • Eskisehir Osmangazi University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

A triaxial nanofiber membrane was developed using a custom triaxial nozzle during electrospinning. The membrane consisted of three layers (outer middle (PVA-Collagen Type I-BMP-2), and inner (PVA-nHAP)). TEM revealed the diameters of the outer, middle, and inner layers as 167.5, 142.6, and 119.3 nm, respectively. The triaxial nanofiber membrane exhibited superior tensile strength (36 MPa) and elastic modulus (2.5 GPa), along with a roughness of 359 nm and hydrophilic properties. In addition, it demonstrated a 200% swelling ratio and reduced bacterial colonization by 10.8-fold. Both Calcium deposition and ALP activity were significantly higher and increased expression of BSP (eightfold), OCN (13-fold), and OPN (488-fold) genes were observed in membrane + OST groups (p < 0.05), compared to MSC and OST groups. These findings highlight that the membrane has potential for enhance bone repair by combining well-structured, antimicrobial, mechanical, and osteoinductive properties.