Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
VI Mineral Engineering Conference, MEC 2023, Gliwice, Polonya, 14 - 16 Haziran 2023, ss.1-10
As the global consumption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) continues to increase, the need to develop LIB recycling technologies and create a more robust recycling infrastructure has become an important factor in improving and optimizing the way of separating black mass from these batteries for reuse it in the new LIB production. The aim of the research was to develop eco-friendly and economical pre-treatment method before indirect (hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical) and direct LIB recycling. Four different LIB pre-treatment options were tested, including discharging for the safety of the whole process, solvent treatment to dissolve the binder in the LIB structure, and grinding to obtain optimum size for the different separation and extraction methods for future studies. Discharge in 10% NaCl solution was compared to cryogenic discharge, which was found to be more efficient due to both shorter processing time and reliability. For the next step, it was noticed that usage of the NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) solution, which has a slow evaporation rate, caused problems in the grinding. Two different grinding methods, dry and cryogenic, were tested and the final products of both methods had a similar composition in < 2 mm fraction. A similar composition was also observed in the > 2 mm fractions as LiCoO 2 in the powder form has adhered onto the coarser grains. In conclusion, it was found that cryogenic discharge and grinding of the batteries turned out to be the best option to obtain a "black mass" with a fraction < 2 mm. • Materials All of the batteries used in the study were Chinese-made Samsung 4.40 V batteries discarded from Samsung Galaxy A21 mobile phones in order to assure repeatability. • Battery pre-treatment methods.