Comparison of the Effects of Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises Combined with Balance Training in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Single-blinded, Prospective Study Diz Osteoartritinde Denge Eğitimi ile Kombine Edilen Açık ve Kapalı Kinetik Zincir Egzersizlerinin Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması: Randomize, Tek Kör, Prospektif Bir Çalışma
Turk Osteoporoz Dergisi, 2026 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.4274/tod.galenos.2026.92979
- Dergi Adı: Turk Osteoporoz Dergisi
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: diz osteoartriti, Egzersiz, Exercise, knee osteoarthritis, pennasyon açısı, pennation angle, ultrasonografi, ultrasound
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of open kinetic chain exercises (OKCE) and closed kinetic chain exercises (CKCE), in addition to balance exercises, on balance, fall risk, muscle thickness, and pennation angle measured by ultrasonography in patients with stage II or III knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients were randomly assigned to either an OKCE or CKCE group (20 patients per group) and participated in a home-based exercise program, including balance exercises, for six weeks. Clinical assessments were performed at baseline and after treatment, and included the visual analogue scale (VAS), the balance scale (BBS), the fall index, calculated using posturography (Tetrax®), and ultrasound imaging to measure rectus femoris (RF) muscle thickness and pennation angles of the vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles. Results: Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in BBS scores, fall risk, resting and movement-related pain (VAS), RF muscle thickness, and pennation angles of VM and VL (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the OKCE and CKCE groups for any measured parameter (p>0.05). After Bonferroni correction, correlations were observed between fall risk and VL pennation angle in the OKCE group, and between fall risk and VM pennation angle in the CKCE group (p<0.0125). Conclusion: Both OKCE and CKCE, when combined with balance exercises, may have a beneficial role in reducing pain, improving balance, reducing the risk of falls, strengthening muscles, and increasing muscle thickness and pennation angle in patients with KOA.