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in: Atomically Precise Electrocatalysts for Electrochemical Energy Applications, Anuj Kumar,Ram K. Gupta, Editor, Springer Nature, Uster, pp.111-128, 2024
The principles of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), including electrocatalysts and kinetics, are covered in this chapter. Based on the literature, both experimental and theoretical methods are used to explore the ORR kinetics, including reaction processes catalyzed by various electrode materials and catalysts, such as Pt-based alloys, carbon materials, and transition metal macrocyclic complexes. It was emphasized that although there is a large literature on ORR, there is still a need to design materials that can compete with noble metal-containing catalysts for ORR.